Introduction to Nutrition

I. Definition of Terms
Nutrition – the science of food, the nutrients and other substances therein, their action, interaction and balance in relation to health and disease & the processes by which the body ingests, digests, absorbs, transports, utilize nutrients and excretes waste product.

Food – any substance organic or inorganic which when eaten performs the following functions:
1. Build & repair tissues
2. Supply heat & energy
3. Regulate body processes

Organic –The presence of carbon to carbon linkages is the common characteristic of organic substances. Ex: fats, proteins, carbohydrates & vitamins

Inorganic – may contain carbon but not carbon to carbon linkages & they are also derived from the soil. Ex: water & minerals

Nutrient – are substances that are derived from food that performs the three basic function of food.

Cellular Respiration – the process by which chemical bonds in food are broken down to release energy.

Calorie – is the measure of the amount of energy in food.

Diet Principle – the ideal diet is the one that provides the highest nutritional benefits from the fewest # of calories.